Quarterly Activities Report
29 January 2014
ASX ANNOUNCEMENT
DECEMBER QUARTER ACTIVITY REPORT
On 25 October 2013, Australian base-metals company Ventnor Resources
Limited (ASX: VRX) (Ventnor or Company) advised it had entered into a
landmark transaction (Transaction) with Sandfire Resources NL (ASX:
SFR) (Sandfire). The transaction is designed to fast-track Ventnor’s
Thaduna/Green Dragon Copper Project (Project) into production and
remove the need for Ventnor to raise substantial additional funding for mine
development of $70 million.
The Transaction comprises a farm-in, funding, and toll treatment agreement
with Sandfire to advance the Project to production utilising Sandfire’s
modern production facilities at its DeGrussa Copper Project.
From April 2013, the Ventnor Board undertook a thorough process to secure
the future development of the Thaduna/Green Dragon Copper Project in a
difficult funding environment with the key objectives of delivering maximum
future value while minimising dilution for shareholders. The Board believes
the agreement with Sandfire fulfils this objective.
The Transaction was settled 3 December 2013 following satisfaction of all
conditions.
ASX: VRX
Capital Structure
Shares on Issue 71.0
million
Unlisted Options 3.3
million
Market Cap @ 10¢ $7
million (Fully Diluted)
Corporate Directory
Paul Boyatzis
Non-Executive
Chairman
Bruce Maluish
As part of the settlement, Sandfire acquired a 35% interest in the Project
upon an upfront payment of $3 million which has been used by Ventnor to
discharge outstanding loans secured over the Project and fees. From that
point on, Sandfire took management and sole funding responsibility for the
development of the Project and may earn up to 80% interest in
consideration for further expenditure of $6 million.
Managing Director
This Transaction represents substantial value accretion for Ventnor
shareholders by:
Non-Executive Director
Reducing the previous project capital cost estimate from
$70M included in the Scoping Study (completed February
2013) to only the establishment costs;
Sandfire providing all JV funding through to production
from contributions and interest-free loans;
Minimising ongoing equity dilution for current shareholders
of Ventnor by not incurring additional financing costs to
develop the project;
Toll treatment agreement at Sandfire’s Degrussa plant at C1
costs; and
Low processing costs at the DeGrussa plant because of its
high throughput rate.
John Geary
Executive Director
Peter Pawlowitsch
Company Projects
Thaduna/Green
Dragon Copper Project
in the Doolgunna
district, WA
Kumarina exploration
project north of
Meekatharra, WA
Warrawanda Nickel
Project south of
Newman, WA
Georgina Basin IOCG
Project in western
Queensland
Sandfire has acquired an initial 35% interest in the Project by a $3M upfront payment directly to
Ventnor. From here, Sandfire can acquire an additional 16% (total 51%) for a $3M investment, and
29% (total 80%) for an additional $3M investment. The second and third $3M tranches will be spent
as exploration and development expenditure on the Project. Ventnor retains an option to acquire
Sandfire’s interest if Sandfire fails to commence production from the Project within five years. The
option price is the total amount that Sandfire has expended to that point (including any loans).
Ventnor Managing Director Mr Bruce Maluish said: “The Transaction allows the Company to form a
joint venture with Sandfire and to assess the possibility of developing the Project utilising Sandfire’s
existing plant and infrastructure. This will substantially reduce the overall capital required and
potentially shorten the timing of achieving first production and cash flow by a meaningful period. It will
remove the need for Ventnor to raise substantial finance (either equity or debt) and at the same time
will reduce the risk of project feasibility and development by use of a farm out and funding solution
coupled with a toll milling arrangement at low operating costs. Once in production, Ventnor is required
to repay its share of the development costs in excess of the earn-in amount from free cash flow.
Ventnor is then free to receive what it expects will be a significant quarterly cash flow from the Joint
Venture.”
“We look forward to working with Sandfire to maximise the value of the Project. This outcome will also
allow us to expand our focus on the other prospects in our portfolio.”
A resolution to approve the transaction was included in the Notice of Meeting for the Company AGM
held on 28 November 2013. The shareholder vote to approve the transaction was overwhelmingly in
favour and, as the remaining condition precedent had been satisfied, Ventnor was able to proceed to
settlement on the JV Transaction, as announced on 4 December 2013.
Corporate
Due to the current position of the Company and the lack of activity in the junior resources market, the
Directors have agreed to continue with the policy of deferring 50% of the salaries and fees for
Directors, as implemented in May 2013.
As part of the Sandfire agreement settlement, Sandfire acquired a 35% interest in the Project upon an
upfront payment of $3 million which was used by Ventnor to discharge outstanding loans secured
over the Project including transaction fees.
On 20 November, the Company executed loan agreements with sophisticated investors introduced by
Paterson Securities Limited to raise $1 million. The funds raised were sufficient to allow the Company
to recommence trading on the ASX on 20 November 2013 and to provide working capital.
Under the terms of the loan agreements, lenders have severally agreed to lend the Company $1
million. The Company will pay interest at 10% per annum on drawn down amounts and, subject to
ASX Listing Rules, issue lenders with 1,000,000 options (expiring 36 months from issue and with an
exercise price linked to Black and Scholes’ value of each option using the 10-day VWAP of the
Company’s shares following re-instatement to trading and a volatility of 60%). The loans are
repayable by the earlier of either the Company undertaking an equity issue, or by 30 April 2014. The
lenders have also agreed to sub-underwrite any pro rata issue, with their sub-underwriting obligation
to be set off against amounts owed to them under the loan agreements.
Exploration
There has been no field work conducted on the Company’s projects while the funding negotiations
have been underway.
The Company has re-estimated the Thaduna and Green Dragon Resources at an increased cutoff
grade following the results of the Scoping Study which were announced in February 2013. The
Scoping Study included budget estimates for underground mining, which has been used as a guide
for higher cutoff grades.
An updated mineral Resource estimate for the Thaduna/Green Dragon Project was announced 12
February 2013. The new total estimated Indicated and Inferred Resource was 7.84Mt @ 1.80% Cu
and 3.7g/t Ag for 141,509 tonnes of contained copper and 945koz silver. The total estimate comprised
1.89Mt @ 1.42% Cu and 2.0 g/t Ag for 26,824 tonnes of contained copper and 124koz silver at Green
Dragon, with 5.91Mt @ 1.92% Cu and 4.3 g/t Ag for 113,535 tonnes of contained copper and 821koz
silver at Thaduna. The estimation was made using a grade-constrained model with a 0.2% Cu
wireframe constraint, while reporting above a cutoff grade of 0.5% Cu.
Subsequent to the February 2013 estimation an additional 12 diamond drill holes were completed at
Thaduna, with the purpose of infilling and extending this Resource. A new estimation has been
undertaken for Thaduna using both a higher grade wireframe constraint of 0.8% Cu, as well as the
information included from the additional intersections. The rationale behind increasing the copper
grade constraint is to better define the high-grade mineralisation from the lower-grade halo that
surrounds it near the surface.
The Mineral Resource estimate for Green Dragon remains the same. The Thaduna Resource has
been reported above a cut-off of 0.8% Cu down to 100 metres vertical depth from surface and above
a cut-off of 1.25% Cu below 100 metres. Green Dragon has been reported above 0.8% Cu cut-off for
the total Resource.
The tables and images below are from the re-estimation which includes all drilling to date at Thaduna
and Green Dragon, with varied cut-off grades which better represent Resources for use in further
mining studies.
Thaduna and Green Dragon Identified Mineral Resources as at January 2014 with
varied cut-off grades
Project
Type
Category
Green Dragon
Total Resource
(0.8% Cu cutoff)
Indicated
Inferred
SubTotal Green Dragon
Surface to 100m depth
(0.8% Cu cutoff)
+100m depth
(1.25% Cu cutoff)
Thaduna
Indicated
Inferred
Indicated
Inferred
SubTotal Thaduna
Thaduna
Stockpiles
Oxide
Indicated
Inferred
SubTotal Stockpiles
Total Indicated
Total Inferred
Grand Total
Tonnage
(Kt)
Cu
(%)
Ag
(g/t)
Cu metal Ag metal
(Kt)
('000 oz)
1,240
270
1,520
380
200
1,430
930
2,950
1.55
1.86
1.60
2.61
3.17
3.22
3.66
3.27
2.3
2.7
2.4
5.9
8.6
6.5
9.8
7.6
19
5
24
10
6
46
34
96
94
24
117
72
55
300
293
720
82
3
85
2.25
1.08
2.21
-
1.8
0.0
1.9
-
3,140
1,410
4,550
2.45
3.23
2.69
4.6
8.2
5.7
77
45
123
466
372
837
The new reported estimate is included within the February 2013 estimate but has excluded lower
grade Resources of;
2.96Mt @ 0.57% Cu and 1.04g/t Ag (for 16,894t copper and 98,904oz silver) at Thaduna;
and
374kt @ 0.65% Cu and 0.53g/t Ag (for 2,426t copper and 6,373oz silver) at Green Dragon.
The majority of the excluded ore is from the low grade halo on the foot-wall and hanging-wall of the
central high grade zones.
Potential extensions to the high grade zones are shown on the long sections as dotted “Resource
Open” lines.
Thaduna Updated Resource Longsection
Green Dragon Resource Longsection
Interests in Mining Tenements
WESTERN AUSTRALIA
Thaduna/Green Dragon Project - Copper
Tenement
Status
M52/1060
M52/1061
L52/149
L52/150
Granted
Granted
Granted
Granted
Interest at
beginning of
quarter
(%)
100
100
100
100
Interests sold
to JV partner
(%)
(35)
(35)
(35)
(35)
Interests
acquired or
increased
(%)
-
Interest at
end of quarter
(%)
65
65
65
65
Interest at
beginning of
quarter
(%)
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
Interests
relinquished,
reduced or
lapsed (%)
(100)
-
Interests
acquired or
increased
(%)
-
Interest at
end of
quarter
(%)
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
Interest at
beginning of
quarter
(%)
100
Interests
relinquished,
reduced or
lapsed (%)
-
Interests
acquired or
increased
(%)
-
Interest at
end of
quarter
(%)
100
Warrawanda Project - Nickel
Tenement
Status
E52/2136
E52/2372
P52/1364
P52/1182
P52/1183
P52/1242
P52/1243
P52/1244
P52/1277
P52/1278
P52/1281
P52/1282
P52/1283
E52/2681
Relinquished
Granted
Granted
Granted
Granted
Granted
Granted
Granted
Granted
Granted
Granted
Granted
Granted
Granted
Nickel Hills Project - Nickel
Tenement
Status
E52/2550
Granted
Yandal Project - Gold
Tenement
Status
E69/2937
Relinquished
Interest at
beginning of
quarter
(%)
100
Interests
relinquished,
reduced or
lapsed (%)
(100)
Interests
acquired or
increased
(%)
-
Interest at
end of
quarter
(%)
-
Doolgunna Project - Copper
Tenement
Status
E52/2548
E52/2549
Granted
Granted
Interest at
beginning of
quarter
(%)
100
100
Interests
relinquished,
reduced or
lapsed (%)
-
Interests
acquired or
increased
(%)
-
Interest at
end of
quarter
(%)
100
100
Interest at
beginning of
quarter
(%)
100
100
100
100
100
Interests
relinquished,
reduced or
lapsed (%)
(100)
(100)
-
Interests
acquired or
increased
(%)
-
Interest at end
of quarter
(%)
100
100
100
Interest at
beginning of
quarter
(%)
100
100
100
100
100
Interests
relinquished,
reduced or
lapsed (%)
-
Interests
acquired or
increased
(%)
-
Interest at end
of quarter
(%)
100
100
100
100
100
Interest at
beginning of
quarter
(%)
100
100
Interests
relinquished,
reduced or
lapsed (%)
(100)
(100)
Interests
acquired or
increased
(%)
-
Interest at end
of quarter
(%)
-
Kumarina Project - Copper
Tenement
Status
E52/2712
E52/2713
E52/2754
E52/2755
E52/2756
Relinquished
Relinquished
Granted
Granted
Granted
Bronzewing North Project - Gold
Tenement
Status
P53/1547
P53/1548
P53/1549
P53/1550
P53/1551
Granted
Granted
Granted
Granted
Granted
Cunyu Project - Copper
Tenement
Status
E51/1498
E51/1499
Relinquished
Relinquished
QUEENSLAND
Georgina Basin Project – Iron Oxide-Copper-Gold
Tenement
Status
EPM18385
EPM18386
EPM18387
EPM18388
EPM18389
EPM18390
EPM18391
EPM18392
Relinquished
Relinquished
Relinquished
Relinquished
Granted
Granted
Relinquished
Relinquished
Interest at
beginning of
quarter
(%)
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
Interests
relinquished,
reduced or
lapsed (%)
(100)
(100)
(100)
(100)
(100)
(100)
Interests
acquired or
increased
(%)
-
Interest at
end of
quarter
(%)
100
100
-
Interest at
beginning of
quarter
(%)
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
Interests
relinquished,
reduced or
lapsed (%)
(100)
(100)
(100)
(100)
(100)
(100)
(100)
Interests
acquired or
increased
(%)
-
Interest at
end of
quarter
(%)
-
NORTHERN TERRITORY
NT Project - Copper
Tenement
Status
EL28741
EL28742
EL28858
EL28859
EL28912
EL29390
EL29436
Relinquished
Relinquished
Relinquished
Relinquished
Relinquished
Relinquished
Relinquished
Resource Estimation
Section 1 Sampling Techniques and Data
(Criteria in this section apply to all succeeding sections.)
Criteria
Commentary
Sampling
techniques
Reverse circulation drilling samples are 1m splits undertaken on site either by riffle splitter or cone splitter until a sample of about 2.5kg is
obtained. All samples are analysed at the rig by hand held XRF method. Samples with results greater than 0.1% Cu and 4m either side are
then submitted to the assay laboratory. Before submission, a QAQC sample is inserted every 20m. These samples are either a standard, blank
or field duplicate, which are inserted in a sequential order.
In the case of diamond drilling, core is first logged by the geologist. When mineralisation is identified samples to a maximum downhole length of
1m are taken in the mineralised interval plus 5m either side. When mineralisation is hosted in hematitic greywackes or shales, 2m at either side
of the mineralisation is sampled. Samples are split when lithological contacts are present and zones with abundant visual copper mineralisation
are generally restricted to narrower intervals. Before submission, a QAQC sample is inserted every 30m. These samples are either a standard,
blank or field duplicate, which are inserted in a sequential order.
Samples are then submitted for analysis to the Genalysis laboratory. The assay method used by Genalysis is a multi-element four acid digest
ICP method with AS finish. In the cases where copper assays reach the high detection limit of 5% Cu they are re-assayed by an ore grade ICP
analytical method.
Core samples are routinely sampled for SG determination with samples taken in the mineralised intersection as well as in the hangingwall and
footwall.
Drilling
techniques
Drilling has been completed using a combination of RC and diamond drilling from surface. The RC is drilled with a face sampling hammer and
Diamond drilling with both NQ2 and HQ sized core.
All core where possible are oriented using a Reflex ACT II RD orientation tool.
Drill sample
recovery
Diamond core is metre marked and orientated to check against the driller’s blocks, ensuring that all core loss is taken into account.
Diamond core recovery is logged and captured into the database with weighted average core recoveries of approximately 99%. At the RC rig
sampling systems are routinely cleaned to minimise the opportunity for contamination and drilling methods are focused on sample quality.
No sample recovery issues have impacted on potential sample bias.
Logging
Geological logging is completed for all holes and is representative across the ore body. The lithology, alteration, and structural characteristics
of core are logged directly to a digital format following the Company’s standard procedures using standard geological codes. Data is logged
Criteria
Commentary
into a field computer using ioLogger™ and imported into a central database by an external company ioGlobal.
Diamond drill core is logged for geotechnical features.
Logging is both qualitative and quantitative depending on the characteristic being described.
All cores are digitally photographed and stored.
Sub-sampling
techniques
and sample
preparation
DD core orientation is completed where possible and core is marked prior to sampling. Half core samples are produced using an Almonte Core
Saw. Samples are weighed and recorded.
RC samples are split using a cone or riffle splitter. A majority of RC samples are dry. On occasions that wet samples are encountered they are
dried prior to splitting with a riffle splitter.
All sample analysis has been undertaken at the Intertek Genalysis Laboratory in Maddington. The original sample is dried and weighed on
submission to laboratory. The sample is then crushed and where required samples are split to less than 2kg through linear splitter. Pulverising
is completed using LM2 mill to 90% passing 75%μm.
Genalysis routinely collect and analyse key performance indices on the quality and performance of their sample preparation. There have been
no major issues identified during the sample preparation process.
Field and pulp duplicate analysis has been completed and identified no issues with sampling representation.
The sample size is considered appropriate for the Thaduna and Green Dragon mineralisation styles.
Quality of
assay data
and
laboratory
tests
The assay method used by Genalysis is a multi-element four acid digest ICP method with AS finish. In the cases where copper assays reach
the high detection limit of 5% Cu they are re-assayed by an ore grade ICP analytical method. This technique is considered as a total digest
methodology.
Handheld XRF analysis is routinely used to determine the presence of copper mineralisation in RC drilling. The results are used as a guide for
laboratory analysis. No XRF results have been used in any estimation.
Before submission to Genalysis, a QAQC sample is inserted every 20m, for RC samples, or 30m, for diamond core. These samples are either
a standard, blank or field duplicate, which are inserted in a sequential order.
The assay results have also undergone internal laboratory QAQC, which includes the analysis of standards, blanks and repeat measurements.
Review of the laboratory results has shown a good level of precision and are considered acceptable.
Criteria
Commentary
Verification of
sampling and
assaying
Significant intersections have been verified by alternative company personnel.
There are no twinned holes drilled.
Primary data is captured on a field tough book laptop using ioLogger™ Software. The software has validation routines and the validated data is
then imported by ioGlobal into a database which is hosted externally.
The master database is not accessed by Company staff and a MS Access dump is supplied. The master database has full access and control
routines which store all instances whereby the stored data is uploaded or altered.
Location of
data points
All drill hole collar surveys have been completed by MHR Surveys utilising RTK GPS with the expected relative accuracy. GDA94 MGA Zone
50 grid coordinate system is used.
Coordinates based on control previously established by MHR Surveyors which was derived by a tie into the Government SSM/BM network.
Down hole survey has been measured predominantly by single shot instrument and FlexIT MultiSmart or FlexIT GyroSmart.
A number of holes have been surveyed using multiple methods to check for method accuracy. No errors were identified between the methods.
A number of holes were not able to be surveyed due to the hole collapsing, of these only 6 are within a significant mineralised zone. These
holes have not been used to define the geometry or volume but have been used in the grade interpolation.
Data spacing
and
distribution
A nominal drill spacing of 40m x 40m has been completed for all areas above 350 metres vertical, below the spacing is typically 80m x 80m.
The drill data density is considered appropriate for the estimation of a Mineral Resource.
Drill samples have been composited into a minimum 2m downhole composite for the estimation.
o
Orientation of
data in
relation to
geological
structure
Drilling is typically undertaken perpendicular to the strike of the mineralisation at an angle of -60 . This is as close to perpendicular as is
practical.
Sample
security
All samples are selected onsite under the supervision of Ventnor Resources Ltd (“Ventnor”) geological staff.
No sample bias is introduced as all parts of the mineralisation are sampled evenly.
Samples are transported to the Genalysis laboratory by Toll Express in sealed bulka bags or strapped pallets.
Genalysis receipt received samples against the sample dispatch documents and issues a reconciliation report for every sample batch.
Criteria
Commentary
Audits or
reviews
The sampling techniques and data collection processes are of industry standard and have been subjected to multiple internal and external
reviews.
Section 2 Reporting of Exploration Results
(Criteria listed in the preceding section also apply to this section.)
Criteria
Commentary
Mineral
tenement and
land tenure
status
The Green Dragon and Thaduna deposits are located within M52/1060 and M52/1061, respectively. These tenements are held in a JV
between a Ventnor wholly owned subsidiary, Delgare Pty Ltd, and Sandfire Resources NL with the current ownership split of 65%/35%
respectively.
All tenements are current and in good standing.
These tenements are currently subject to a Native Title Claim by the Yungunga-Nya People (WAD6132/98). Ventnor currently has Land
Access Agreements in place with the Yugunga-Nya Native Title Claimants which overlay the Thaduna Green Dragon Project which allows for
mining and exploration activities to commence on their traditional land.
Exploration
undertaken
by other
parties
Aside from Ventnor there has been no recent exploration undertaken on the Thaduna Green Dragon Project. Drilling that has been prior to the
late 1970’s has been used as a guide in the initial drill program, but has not been included in any estimation.
Geology
The Thaduna and Green Dragon deposits are hydrothermal, fault controlled, sediment hosted copper and minor silver mineralised structures.
Drill hole
Information
A total of 63,500 metres od drilling has been completed by Ventnor at Thaduna and Green Dragon. This comprises 221 RC holes for 29,041
metres with 79 Diamond Tails for 20,485 metres, totalling 49,526 metres at Thaduna and 94 RC holes for 12,728 metres with 4 diamond tails
for 835 metres and 2 HQ metallurgical diamond holes for 389.6 metres for a total of 13,953 metres at Green Dragon. Reproduction of this
number of drillholes would not assist in understanding of this report on Resource estimation.
Criteria
Commentary
Data
aggregation
methods
Intersections are based on greater than 0.2% Cu with a minimum of 2 consecutive samples down hole with a maximum of 2 metres of internal
dilution. All intersections are down hole lengths. Included intersections in bold are based on greater than 1.0% Cu with a minimum of 2
consecutive samples down hole and a maximum of 2 metres of internal dilution.
Metal equivalent values are not used.
Relationship
between
mineralisation
widths and
intercept
lengths
Estimated true width is calculated where possible.
Diagrams
See longsections supplied.
Balanced
reporting
The accompanying document is considered to represent a balanced report.
Other
substantive
exploration
data
Apart from historic drilling there is no other exploration data available. The historic data is considered to be of low quality and it is therefore not
appropriate to report along with the current data.
Further work
Additional drilling is required near surface and at the depth extremities to better define the potentially minable orebody.
The geometry of the mineralisation is consistent and well defined.
Section 3 Estimation and Reporting of Mineral Resources
(Criteria listed in section 1, and where relevant in section 2, also apply to this section.)
Criteria
Commentary
Database integrity
Primary data is collected by Ventnor geological staff using ioLogger software on laptop computers. The data is validated at time of
entry and is then uploaded into a SQL database by an external company ioGloal. ioGlobal maintains a full record of data import and
alteration.
TM
Ventnor geological staff perform validation checks prior to migration to a final production SQL database.
Site visits
The Competent Person is a staff member of Ventnor and has been responsible for the drilling and data collection from an early phase
in the drilling programs.
Geological
interpretation
The geometry and nature of the mineralisation at Thaduna and Green Dragon is tabular and predictable. The mineralised contacts are
sharp and visible over a centimetre scale. Assay results across these contacts support this view with a 1 to 2 orders of magnitude
change in grade.
The geologically logged stratigraphy is repeatable and well understood. There are no cross cutting intrusive units or mineralised splays
to complicate the interpretation.
Dimensions
The Thaduna Resource has been drill tested over 1,500 metres of strike to a maximum depth in the order of 600 metres vertical,
Green Dragon has been tested over 400 metres of strike to a depth of 200 metres. The mineralisation varies from 1 – 30 metres in
true width.
Estimation and
modelling techniques
The Resource estimates were created with both Surpac and Micromine software. The Thaduna estimation required 5 wireframe
constraints and Green Dragon required 8 wireframes constraints. A minimum downhole length of 2 metres was interpreted. Data were
statistically analysed for the selection of appropriate top cuts, with a 7% Cu top-cut applied to all domains except domain 2 in Thaduna
for which an 8% Cu top-cut was applied. Grade was interpolated by 3-dimensional Ordinary Kriging and Inverse Distance squared for
all domains. Search distances were guided by geostatistical analysis using semi-variograms generated from the composite data was
used to provide both search neighbourhood as well as kriging parametres for grade interpolation.
Criteria
Commentary
Checks of the updated Resource estimate have been made against previous estimations and have been found to be comparable.
Copper is the primary driver of the estimation with silver as a by-product. It is known from metallurgical testwork that silver recovery is
high and therefore it is appropriate to include it as part of the estimation and reporting.
There are no known deleterious elements identified during routine multi-element analysis.
Typically the drill spacing is in the order of 40m x 40m, the block model block size used at Green Dragon is 20m x 20m x 2m (x, y, z)
and at Thaduna is 10m x 5m x 5m (x, y, z).
The Resource estimation has been undertaken by creating constraining wireframes based on grade and guided by a geological
interpretation ustilising the lithology, alteration and mineralisation information where available. The geometry of the individual units are
discrete from each other and sufficiently separated that if require they could be individually mined.
Visual validation of comparing block grades with drill hole assay values, via cross sections, plans and long sections was completed
Moisture
Tonnages are estimated on a dry basis.
Cut-off parametres
For reporting purposes a cut-off grade of 0.8% was used at Green Dragon and the top 100m at Thaduna, below 100m at Thaduna a
1.25% Cu cut-off grade was used. The selection of these cut-off grades is based on a scoping study completed in February 2013. The
difference in cut-off grade reflects the potential mining method.
Mining factors or
assumptions
It is anticipated that the top 100m of the Thaduna Resource and the entire Green Dragon Resource will be exploited by an open cut
operation, the deeper parts of the Thaduna Resource will be accessed via an underground mine. This difference is reflected in the
reporting cut-off grades.
Metallurgical factors
or assumptions
No metallurgical assumptions have been used as part of the estimation. Ventnor has entered into a JV with Sandfire Resources and it
is expected that their DeGrussa copper flotation plant will be the most likely treatment route and preliminary metallurgical testwork has
demonstrated that the ore is amenable to either leaching or flotation, or both. Sandfire is in the process of evaluating the viability of a
copper leach plant with the view to including the amenable ore from Thaduna and Green Dragon.
Environmen-tal
factors or
assumptions
No assumptions at this stage in regards to environmental factors or assumptions have been made. A previous copper mining open pit
is present at both sites and no impediment to development is considered likely. Ventnor has undertaken summer and winter Flora and
Fauna studies on the tenements and surrounding area and there are no highlighted environmental impediments.
Bulk density
The results for fresh material were obtained from a total of 42 measurements taken, with 16 of the measurements obtained at Green
Dragon and 26 measurements obtained at Thaduna. Measurements were undertaken in ore and waste zones with no significant
difference observed between both zones. The results for oxidised material were based on a historic evaluation report of the Thaduna
Criteria
Commentary
Copper deposit (Hassel, 1974). The study undertook specific gravity determinations on a total of 50 samples of the Thaduna copper
mine. A total of 40 of these samples were used for the assignation of the oxidised material.
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